Dampak Faktor Ekonomi dan Faktor Psikologi Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Investasi di Indonesia Dengan Mediasi Literasi Keuangan
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Abstract
Tujuan atas penelitian ini ialah guna menganalisis pengaruh faktor ekonomi serta faktor psikologi atas pengambilan keputusan investasi di Indonesia disertai literasi keuangan sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada Teori Perilaku Terencana (Theory of Planned Behavior) yang menjelaskan bahwa perilaku individu dipengaruhi oleh sikap, norma subjektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku dalam membentuk niat untuk bertindak, termasuk dalam pengambilan keputusan investasi. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kuantitatif disertai data primer yang didapatkan dengan menyebaran kuesioner kepada karyawan aktif PT. XXX yang telah memiliki pendapatan dan berinvestasi setidaknya selama 1 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel melalui pemanfaatan purposive sampling disertai jumlah responden sejumlah 153 orang. Analisis data dijalankan melalui metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Squares (PLS) dengan pemanfaatan perangkat lunak SmartPLS. Temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwasannya faktor ekonomi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan atas faktor psikologi, literasi keuangan, dan pengambilan keputusan investasi. Faktor psikologi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan atas literasi keuangan, namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan atas pengambilan keputusan investasi. Selain itu, literasi keuangan terbukti berpengaruh positif dan signifikan atas pengambilan keputusan investasi, serta berperan sebagai variabel mediasi pada hubungan antara faktor ekonomi dan keputusan investasi. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwasannya keputusan investasi responden cenderung lebih dipengaruhi oleh pertimbangan rasional dan pemahaman keuangan dibandingkan dorongan emosional. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan literasi keuangan menjadi faktor kunci dalam membantu investor mengelola risiko, memahami dinamika investasi, serta mengambil keputusan investasi yang lebih terukur dan berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci: Faktor Ekonomi, Faktor Psikologi, Literasi Keuangan, Keputusan Investasi, Teori Perilaku Terencana, SmartPLS.
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