Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja UMKM pada Era Digital
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis literatur mengenai peran kepemimpinan transformasional dalam meningkatkan kinerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) pada era digital. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020 terhadap 22 artikel yang terindeks Scopus dan diterbitkan pada periode 2016–2025. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa penelitian mengenai kepemimpinan transformasional pada UMKM meningkat secara signifikan sejak tahun 2021, didominasi oleh studi kuantitatif berbasis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan fokus pada negara-negara berkembang di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Empat dimensi kepemimpinan transformasional, yaitu idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, dan individualized consideration, terbukti menjadi kerangka utama dalam menjelaskan peningkatan kinerja UMKM, dengan dimensi intellectual stimulation sebagai faktor yang paling dominan dalam mendukung transformasi digital. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi empat kesenjangan utama, yaitu metodologis, kontekstual, teoretis, dan digital. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa integrasi antara kepemimpinan transformasional, kapabilitas digital, dan kinerja UMKM masih belum banyak dikaji secara komprehensif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menawarkan agenda penelitian berupa pengembangan model integratif yang menghubungkan ketiga konstruk tersebut melalui pendekatan longitudinal dan multi-level analysis. Temuan ini memperkuat pemahaman mengenai pentingnya kepemimpinan transformasional sebagai pendorong peningkatan kinerja UMKM dalam menghadapi transformasi digital.
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